《空气与梦想》内容简介

　　“质料想象力”是巴什拉中晚期转向诗学的主要研究项目。初探火与水的诗学之后，巴什拉选择借空气这样一种缥缈、轻盈、流动、充溢的存在来考察一种运动想象力。

　　不同于康德等人对静态的形式想象力的刻画，巴什拉在本书中强调了一种长久被忽视的运动的想象心理学。他通过种种空气的形象隐喻与关联母题，串联起尼采、雪莱、波德莱尔、爱伦·坡、诺瓦利斯、里尔克、米沃什等人的诗学想象，描绘出一幅动态形象的速度图。巴什拉赞美了文学活动不可替代的创造性与生产性，文学本身就是想象力的涌现，是想象力直接作用于语言层面上的“行动”，文学形象教人去梦想，真实的生命、思想与意义就安居在这梦想之中，绵延地流动、消长。在此基础上，文学形象表达了、启发了一种动态的哲学。巴什拉从想象的诗学与心理学，最终构筑了一种想象的形而上学。巴什拉以诗意的方式在书中完成了他所设定的课题，他的写作本身也是对流动的想象力最恰切的诠释之一。阅读本书时，读者需要跨越的或许不在于智识的高墙，而要进入一个想象的界域，跟随着巴什拉的引领踏上这场想象之旅，漂游在梦想、在形象之间。

　　作者简介

　　加斯东·巴什拉（GastonBachelard,1884-1962），法国科学哲学家，文学理论家，新认识论的奠基人。巴什拉早年学习数学和自然科学，曾当过中学教师，后获文学博士学位，任第戎大学、巴黎大学教授，以及法国伦理与政治科学院院士。其博才多学，著述颇丰，横跨科学哲学、文学理论、精神分析、现象学等众多领域，被布尔迪厄称为20世纪法国知识分子的“异端避难所”，也被阿尔都塞、福柯等人视作思想导师。认识论与诗学是巴什拉思想的两大方向，他认为“哲学所能期望的是使诗与科学互为补充”。巴什拉不仅将现代科学引入哲学，而且试图进行一场“哥白尼式的想象力革命”，建构一套新的想象哲学。其主要著作有：《新科学精神》、《科学精神的形成》、“诗学想象”五部曲（《火的精神分析》、《水与梦》、《空气与梦想》、《土地与意志的遐想》、《土地与休憩的遐想》）、《空间的诗学》和《梦想的诗学》等。

　　胡可欣，复旦大学哲学学院外国哲学专业硕士。曾在《希腊罗马哲学研究》《社会科学战线》等期刊发表译著及论文多篇，主要研究方向为二十世纪法国哲学和文学，目前致力于巴什拉作品翻译及想象哲学研究。

"Air and Dreams" content introduction

"Material imagination" is Bashara's main research project to turn to poetics in the middle and late period. After exploring the poetics of fire and water, Bashara chooses to examine a kind of movement imagination through the presence of air, which is ethereal, light, flowing, and overflowing.

Different from Kant and others' depiction of static formal imagination, Bashara emphasizes in this book a kind of imagination psychology of movement which has been neglected for a long time. He connected the poetic imagination of Nietzsche, Shelley, Baudelaire, POE, Novalis, Rilke, Milosz and so on through various image metaphors and related motifs of the air, and painted a velocity diagram of dynamic image. Bashara praised the irreplaceable creativity and production of literary activities. Literature itself is the emergence of imagination, and it is the "action" of imagination directly acting on the language level. Literary images teach people to dream, and real life, thoughts and meanings are living in this dream, flowing and growing continuously. On this basis, literary images express and inspire a dynamic philosophy. Bashara finally constructed an imaginary metaphysics from imaginary poetics and psychology. Bashara's poetic approach to the subject he sets out to accomplish in the book is itself one of the most fitting interpretations of the fluid imagination. When reading this book, the reader needs to cross perhaps not the high wall of intelligence, but to enter an imaginary realm, and follow Bashara's lead to embark on this imaginary journey, floating between dreams and images.

About the author

GastonBachelard (1884-1962) was a French philosopher of science, literary theorist, and founder of the new epistemology. Bashara studied mathematics and natural sciences, worked as a secondary school teacher, received a doctorate in literature, was a professor at the universities of Dijon and Paris, and was a member of the French Academy of Ethics and Political Sciences. He wrote a lot of books, covering many fields such as philosophy of science, literary theory, psychoanalysis, phenomenology and so on. Bourdieu called him the "refuge of heresy" for French intellectuals in the 20th century, and he was also regarded as an ideological mentor by Althusser and Foucault. Epistemology and poetics are the two main directions of Bashara's thought. He thinks that "what philosophy can hope for is to make poetry and science complement each other". Bashara not only introduced modern science into philosophy, but also tried to carry out a "Copernican imagination revolution" and construct a new set of imagination philosophy. His main works include: The New Scientific Spirit, The Formation of the Scientific Spirit, five pieces of Poetic Imagination (Psychoanalysis of Fire, Water and Dream, Air and Dream, Reverie of Land and Will, Reverie of Land and Rest), Poetics of Space and Poetics of Dream, etc.

Hu Kexin holds a master's degree in foreign philosophy from the School of Philosophy, Fudan University. He has published a number of translations and papers in journals such as "Greco-Roman Philosophy Research" and "Social Science Front". His main research direction is 20th century French philosophy and literature, and he is currently committed to the translation of Bashara's works and the study of imagination philosophy.